Characteristics Study of Modulation Techniques in Optical Fibers Telecommunication Systems

Abstract

Fiber optic communication technology is essential for transmitting data at high speeds over long distances. To increase transmission capacity and quality, it is essential to use technologies that enhance these capabilities. This study investigates modulation techniques in optical fibers, including frequency modulation (FM), amplitude modulation (AM), and phase modulation (PM). The Optisystem program is used to perform design studies and analysis on a simulation model of an optical fiber communication system.

The system is equipped with a transmitting laser, 1550 nm wavelength, 20 dBm input power, and optical fiber (single mode). Modifications are analyzed and compared to achieve the highest efficiency. Two parameters are also studied: quality factor (QF) and bit error rate (BER). The results of amplitude and frequency modulation (AM and FM) techniques in optical fibers shows that FM performs best in terms of signal quality and BER, followed by AM. Phase modulation (PM) performs less effectively over long distances.