Using Spectral and Laser Techniques in Plastic Detection and Recycling

Abstract

Plastic pollution is currently a global challenge, with plastic waste increasingly accumulating due to weak enforcement and the absence of safe disposal practices. This research aims to explore innovative solutions for effective waste management using advanced infrared technology. The study uses a Bruker attenuated total reflection spectrometer (400-4000) cm^-1 and an infrared laser (805) nm to analyze six random samples of plastic waste (juice and milk cartons). The results demonstrate that infrared analysis of strong absorption peaks (400-1800) cm^-1, specifically infrared spectroscopy and laser, is able to accurately identify plastic types based on their unique spectral signatures, speeding up the sorting process and improving purity. Laser results also indicate the appearance of strong plastic peaks at 12.500 cm^-1. The study highlights the advantages of infrared technology compared to conventional sorting methods and discusses the technical challenges that may face its implementation in recycling facilities. The research relies on a methodology that combines theoretical study and practical application, analyzing data from academic sources, and applying the technology to real-world models. This study identified effective formulations for several types of polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)), with only PE and PP being recyclable. This study aims to provide practical and effective solutions for plastic waste management and contribute to the development of a sustainable circular economy.